Women Years Ago Vs. Women Today - 1242 Words

Women one hundred years ago VS women today Women one hundred years ago were drastically different than women today in many aspects of their lives. Soon after the turn of the 20th century, a surge in women’s independence surfaced. This was largely due to the fact that women were urged by Rosie the Riveter and other propaganda to replace men in factory jobs to support the war effort and provide income for their families. Women’s lifestyles changed from then on, including their hairstyles, clothing, and overall personalities. The culture surrounding women in the early 1900’s, especially in terms of the way that they dressed, was drastically different than that surrounding women in today’s society. The typical everyday clothes that women would wear in the 1900’s were usually long dresses or clothes that covered most of their bodies. Between the years 1900-1909 there were two key trends, the La Belle Epoque and the Gibson Girl. They were very much alike , they both consisted of a corset to make the waist skinnier and the bosom and backside larger, but it remained modest to the standards of that period. Both of these styles were very high class and were custom for the wealthier people of the day, this is due to the dresses being made out of luxury fabrics and rhinestones. However, from 1910-1919, the styles began to change when women became tired of wearing the puffy dresses and tight corsets. They wanted something more comfortable, so they came out with three styles calledShow MoreRelated`` The Yellow Wallpaper `` And The Court Cases Like Ellen Pao s Suit Vs. Kleiner Perkins940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe court cases like Ellen Pao’s Suit vs. Kleiner Perkins, and even a data book like Women in the Labor Force, it is clear to see that inequality and mistreatment of women still exists today. People often say that inequality is a thing of the past, however it has been a serious problem since the dawning of civilization itself, an d it is still so today. Women are often seen as lesser beings than men, and are treated accordingly. It is getting better, and women are starting to take their rightful placesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesWomen have continuously fought for their right for over 40 years. The battle is an upward journey that slowly is progressing so the world can view how strong women are as individuals. 30 years ago Society only views women as homemakers or the wife of some male. The women in the early and late nineteen hundreds begin to fight and created the women right movement so they could have the right to vote as men do. In today s society you can find that a lot of women are very competitive against males asRead MoreThe Development Of Women s Rights1418 Words   |  6 Pagesbuild their own identity. First, women now have more power in the workforce than they did in the 1950s. Second, young females have more opportunities to express themselves to find their t rue social identity, through aggressive feminism or normative feminism. Finally, how the impact of the nature vs. nurture debate to help persuade a child’s choice in building of their identity. Girls growing up today have more variety of opportunities than girls many years ago. One impact of a change in societyRead MoreGender Roles Are Ensuring For Children877 Words   |  4 PagesGender roles are ensuring that children grow up to be mediocre. Sexist stereotypes that were functional at one time are increasingly irrelevant, causing young adults to form a safe haven from the real world. Feminists today are relishing in the results of their predecessors rather than continuing the fight. Combining the recent phenomenon of â€Å"Guyland† with failing to keep momentum in feminism we’re setting up the next generation for struggle. It is in the interest of our society to continue to striveRead MoreErikson s View Identity And Role Confusion1294 Words   |  6 Pagescontinues to require a conflict resolution in order to successfully complete it. The final stage in Erikson s theory culminates with the acceptance of end life limitations and eventual end of life (Sougsta d, 2017). Identity vs. Role Confusion In Erikson’s view identity vs role confusion is perhaps the most important stage of development as the adolescent seeks to connect the past, present and future self. (Robbins, Chatterjee, Canada, 2012). The physical changes are an outward signal of the innerRead MoreEssay about Women In Islam1540 Words   |  7 PagesToday, people think that women were liberated in the west and that the womens liberation movement began in the 20th Century. Actually, Islam preceded all the existing systems in introducing womens rights more than fourteen centuries ago. The womens liberation movement was revealed by God to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the seventh century. A whole package of new rights was given at once to women by their creator without their having to strive to get them. The Quran and the TraditionsRead MoreEssay about Venus De Willendorf Vs. Barbie1509 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Your Name April 21, 2013 Venus de Willendorf VS The Barbie Doll Who are they today? Venus de Willendorf and Barbie are two very different representations of women and their beauty. Both are man-made and inspirational, both from two very different times. Venus by the homosapiens millions of years ago and Barbie a mere fifty years ago by a woman and mother looking for a doll her daughter could play and grow with. In looking at Venus de Willendorf and the Barbie doll, they seemRead MoreHow Corporate America Is Betraying Women958 Words   |  4 PagesCORPORATE AMERICA IS BETRAYING WOMEN How Corporate America is Betraying Women Goalee Xiong Metropolitan State University Abstract Forty years ago, the Civil Rights Act made discrimination on the basis of sex illegal, studies show that women, practically across all job categories, are still paid less for doing the very same job as men. The threat of a sex-discrimination case has become one of corporate Americas worst nightmare and many experts expect the number of suits to increase dramatically;Read MoreGender Inequality Essay803 Words   |  4 Pagesgender stratification is the unequal spreading of society’s wealth, power, and privilege between females and males. Whenever this issue is approached, evidence is provided that majority of women popularity are taken for granted and frowned upon as if women cannot do what men can do. This is proof that the oppressor vs. the oppressed is present throughout history; even in religious communities, some can date back to God’s creation. For example, it is written in the Bible, â€Å"To the woman he said, I willRead MoreThe Impact Of Racism In Television16 04 Words   |  7 Pagesthe television shows for the most part have stayed the same over the past 40 years, but some have gotten more exposure than others due to the state of our nation. Racism, anti-gay rights, rich vs poor, and women’s rights are such topics portrayed through television shows. Racism has been existent since the birth of our country and although we have taken steps toward fixing the problem, it is still very prevalent today. Over the past decade there have many violent attacks against minority groups

Chapter 1 Short Story - 922 Words

Gwen stiffened. â€Å"All Percival has to do is ask. Blancheflor, your village is but a long day’s ride from Camelot! Arthur would gladly grant him that. If you want to visit, all you have to do is send word. Arthur would welcome you with honors.† Blancheflor shrugged. Disbelief dampened Gwen’s glad message in her ears. â€Å"I miss him. He misses me. Still I don’t wish to intrude.† â€Å"What? Most certainly not!† Gwen argued. â€Å"As Percival’s companion, you’d be accorded a place at Arthur’s high table! Arthur doesn’t care who someone is, their status or where they’re from. He judges them on their merit. You are a valued friend and would be treated accordingly. Please!† Blancheflor coughed. â€Å"Even after he exiled you, you still defend him. He doubted†¦show more content†¦She rolled her eyes. â€Å"She actually sits at her father’s council table. He looks to her for advice even in granting justice. Since her mother’s death, the Princess is more the Queen than anything else. She might offer you some perspective.† Gwen nodded. She glanced toward the sky to see Sol just short of his zenith overhead. â€Å"Perhaps we should ride on then?† â€Å"We’d make Whitgate in a few hours. Perhaps we might find suitable lodgings afterwards?† Seeing Gwen’s reluctance to put her out further in her eyes, Blancheflor insisted, â€Å"You are my guest. We shall do what we can for Camelot. Now we have a bit of road ahead?† â€Å"We do indeed,† Gwen conceded. She got back on her horse and followed the other down the road. **** [Two Hours Laterï ¿ ½Ã¢â‚¬ Whitgate] Anticipation lent to the companions’ pace. Their horses’ hooves seemed to barely stir the dirt underfoot. The trees around them blurred by. The distance seemed to melt away. In what seemed like a breath’s time but was in reality much longer of course, they clomped over Whitgate’s drawbridge. They wound their way through the lower town and up the cobbles toward the upper town. They didn’t stop or look around until they’d reached the citadel. Blancheflor pulled up on the reins. â€Å"Whoa!† She put her hand up to signal that intent to Gwen. â€Å"And here we are! This is King Rodor’s citadel.† Gwen slowed and then stopped her horse. She dismounted allowing her eyes to canvass andShow MoreRelatedShort Story : A Short Chapter : Chapter 11430 Words   |  6 Pagesher eyes, which were unable to see his in the darkness, then he checked to see Torins hand placed against her small waist more in reassurance than in having to hold her close to the wall. Once they reached the top landing, Duncan pulled the short braided rope attached to an old bronze ships bell. The clang rang off the stone walls which echoed loud enough to surly raise the dead at the very least to alert the household as was the intent. Duncan stepped back to let the door swing outward, whichRead MoreShort Story : A Short Chapter : Chapter 12137 Words   |  9 Pagesbrothers got in and went back to the motel. â€Å"Fay gets the bed,† Sam was about to protest when Dean quickly shut him up. â€Å"She stabbed a ghost in the eye twice, killed him, made friends with a ghost, and saved both our asses,† Fay just grabbed her black shorts and tank then walked into the bathroom. Stripping down, she turned on the hot water, letting the warmed rinse off the dirt and grime from the asylum. Turning off the water, she grabbed her toothbrush. As she got out the toothpaste there was a knockRead MoreShort Story Chapter 11517 Words   |  7 PagesWith a loud screech and a grinding of metal, the thick steel door swung open revealing a dark, damp tunnel that led downward. Quickly, Axus rushed down the narrow path to another door. This entrance was much like the first, but the outside was not coated in a thin film of rust , like the one before it. Axus jammed his thumb into the green button next to the door, and spun around as the opening behind him started to close. The bright lights from the city above were extinguished as the door slowly creakedRead MoreChapter 1 Short Story892 Words   |  4 PagesAs the A-Shift crew began their chores, the Klaxon sounded. Heart racing, Johnny dropped the sheets he’d gathered from the bunks and slid into the squad. Leading the engine out of the station, Roy glanced at Johnny who appeared to be made out of stone, he was so still and tense. You okay? he asked, his voice just loud enough to be heard above the wail of the siren as he steered the squad through traffic. Yeah, think so, John replied, as he pointed out where to turn with a slight tremble hardlyRead MoreShort Story : Chapter 11516 Words   |  7 PagesThe only sound that they heard was the crash of the half table and chairs. The three were now staring at the shimmering light from the other side. Lincoln noted that in the next move, it would begin to take out their kitchen bench. That would be a little more than inconvenient. However, just as he waiting for the inevitable shift away, the tube suddenly telescoped back up and into the channel, disappearing from view. At the same time, they heard the familiar hiss of all the cell doors opening. WhoeverRead MoreShort Story Chapter 11186 Words   |  5 PagesSteve came back a few minutes later, empty handed. Wow, Cap, you took an awfully long time to get popcorn, said Clint as he heard him walking in. ...And you didnt even get the popcorn, Natasha added, eyeing him suspiciously. Steve sighed, looking around warily before leading the team into a bathroom, which would be less likely the be monitored, ignoring Clints innuendos. Weve got a lead on Tony from Fury. He just called me, giving me the address before telling me that SHIELD needed toRead MoreChapter 1 Short Story955 Words   |  4 PagesThe lawyer squinted through the dark as Hyde thought. Contemplative, then shocked, then having reached some inner resolve, Hyde sighed and thrust out a hand for the clove. â€Å"According to Lanyon, about your pulse points should suffice-- might I help?† Utterson reached forward but quickly withdrew at a glare from Hyde and cast a nervous glance about them. â€Å"Here,† announced Hyde. He returned the garlic to Utterson’s pocket and made for the gates. â€Å"It won’t take long.† Utterson stared after him for aRead MoreChapter 1 Short Story789 Words   |  4 PagesEnough was enough! thought Mr Jewel. How dare this young whippersnapper keep asking him questions? So, from his pocket, he grasped the watch on its chain and swung it in the air. So, now who is in control, you fool? he sneered, as he dangled the watch. ‘I am! I am in control,’ snarled Lord Fox. Then much to Mr Jewel’s surprise, Lord Fox snatched the watch out of his grasp, and before he knew it, the watch was being dangled in front of his eyes. ‘What the†¦?’ Imagine you are inside a painting†¦Read MoreShort Story : Chapter 11321 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Yes, Captain I am fine with that.† â€Å"Okay, you are dismissed, if you have any questions or concerns, please don’t hesitate, come straight to me.† â€Å"Don’t worry Captain if I have any questions I am sure Warren here will help me out.† He said with a dazzling smile and the first words I heard him speak. His country drawl hung deep in his words when he spoke. He clearly didn’t live around here his whole life. With that I got to my feet and left the Captain’s office and headed for my desk. He followedRead MoreShort Story Chapter 11266 Words   |  6 Pagesfright. Drakes smirk grew as he noticed this. You dont have a choice. As soon as those words made their way into the dead air he bolted towards the other boy. Shadow pushed Jace behind him and braced for the incoming attack, and not like other stories, this one hit its mark. He winced, and noted the body behind him. Activating the pipes in his calves he dashed towards a clearing only to take a fireball to the back. Come back and fight me coward! Drake was catching up fast. Shadow struggled

Paper on Stock Shareholders Free Essays

In an October 1998 issue of â€Å"Fortune Magazine† in the finance section, an article entitled â€Å"Cash Out on Your Own Terms† speaks about a relatively old concept refined for a new market. In the centuries past, wealthy landowners would allow working farmers to live and work on their land and tend the crops and cattle for a portion of the goods and maybe a portion of the profit. The farmer was happy because he didn’t have enough money to buy his own land yet he could still do what he loved and support his family. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper on Stock Shareholders or any similar topic only for you Order Now The wealthy landowner was happy because he had his land working for him and was getting fairly cheap labor and a good return on his goods. Today the same concept applies to owners of family businesses. When a CEO of a company either needs liquidity or has no relative or partner to pass the ownership to is the main time that owners think about where their business might be going. Many owners of a family business don†t do estate planning or strategy until it†s too late. Even when the owner tries to plan for the inevitable, he has minority shareholders or kids who don†t want to run the business. Every option for the owner has a downside. Selling usually means the owner must give up control. Going public often creates an orphan stock. Employee-stock-ownership plans can burden the CEO with â€Å"onerous regulatory-compliance issues,† and leveraged recaps can load the firm with debt. Company owners come to firms such as Heritage Partners because they want to cash out but at the same time keep management control of their company and the Heritage system allows them to do that and help them grow the business too. Investing in family businesses and then letting owners keep control of their companies after the sale is a novel concept but it†s risky. Heritage Partners plan gives cash to owners which usually amounts to about 85% of what their companies are worth, providing new money for growth while leaving them 51% of their firm†s stock. Since introducing the plan in 1988, Heritage Partners has invested $250 million in 37 companies whose combined revenues exceed $2 billion. While many are companies with market caps of $50 million, sixteen are small businesses with fewer than 100 employees. Their goal is to stay very involved in a company for about five years, helping it reach its maximum growth potential, then sell it, possibly back to the original owners, or take it public. In order to make their company attractive to buyers, owners should begin to develop and put in place a real management team. The CEO should be a dynamic, visionary leader. The chief financial officer should be able to offer â€Å"instant reporting of data and be a strategic thinker,† and should have a well-known CPA firm begin auditing their financial statements if they haven†t already. Small-businesses should beware of the investor who comes in at a huge price, because it†s likely he will retrade the deal. â€Å"Does he intend to make money by building the value of the company through growth or financial engineering? â€Å"Tremendously resist pressure from investment bankers to provide unattainable projections. When you tell people you†re going to hit certain numbers, you†d better hit them. Nobody wins if you come in too aggressively. † This is a prime example of conservatism in the real world. Investors are looking for unique companies in every area â€Å"from the educational toy market to a company that manufactures products for industrial cleaning just as long as the family really believes in their company, and they feel passionately about it. † This system, in my opinion, is an outstanding philosophy of the business world in America. When a company like Heritage Partners can come in and save a potential death of a company from any certain situation, it becomes a win-win position. Unlike the old days with the wealthy landowner and the poor farmer, today the relationship between companies like Heritage and small-business owners can be a beneficial and fair one. Many sole business owners are of the entrepreneurial background and may have even built their company from the ground up. These people have to be hard working people with the strength to go into the world and create something like a business and nurse it into success. When times go sour, weather it be financially or even emotionally, sometimes these owners can pull their company out of the dungeon and other times there is just nothing they can do. When times like these arise these hard working people would never want to see all their work leave their grasps, and that is when companies like Heritage Partners can be a saving grace to the companies life and even the owners life. When a company has been in a family for years it is the identity of that family and it portrays a sense of pride and when situations jump out where that identity and control could be jeopardized, the help of Heritage is an outstanding one. Just as this option is beneficial for the company owner it is, without a doubt, a marvelous opportunity for the larger business such as Heritage to buy out and be involved as long as they are fair and reasonable. I had heard of this market idea before in companies like Venture Capital but it wasn’t until I read this â€Å"Fortune† article that I grasped the whole concept. From what I had perceived before this market niche isn’t looked highly upon by many people. Some small-businesses may think that these companies perform forceful buyouts and therefore big business destroys small-business. My reason for selecting this topic is because I now realize after researching this subject that it is because of market inventions like this one that our country is the land of opportunity. How to cite Paper on Stock Shareholders, Essay examples

Calculation of GDP

Questions: 1. Table: GDP Data for Countries A and B Country A Country B $billions $billions Household Consumption 150 150 Government Purchases 250 250 Transfer payments 50 60 Total Gross Fixed Capital Expenditures 50 150 Change in Inventories 50 -50 Exports 40 40 Imports 20 20 Consider the data in table 1 for two countries: A and B. a. Calculate the GDP for both countries. b. Discuss the usefulness of these data in deciding which, if any, of these two countries is likely to be experiencing an economic recession. 2. Obtain Australia's real GDP and CPI data from 1980 to 2015. Calculate the annual growth rates of real GDP and inflation and graph both series together. Is/are there some interesting or salient relationship(s) between those two series? Provide and discuss plausible economic explanation(s), including change in economic events and change in government policy, for the relationship(s) you identified. 3. Obtain Australia's real GDP and unemployment data from 1980 to 2015. Calculate the growth rates of real GDP and unemployment and graph both series together. Is/are there some interesting or salient relationship(s) between those two series? Provide and discuss plausible economic explanation(s), including change in economic events and change in government policy, for the relationship(s) you identified. Answers: (1). a). Calculation of GDP for both Countries GDP can be calculated with the use of following formula: GDP = C + G + I + (X - M) Where, C = Consumption, G = Government spending I = Investment X = Export M= Import The below table shows the calculation of GDP for both countries Country A $billions Country B $billions Household Consumption (C) 150 150 Government Spending or purchase (G) 250 250 Gross Private Investment: Total Gross Fixed Capital Expenditures Change in Inventories 100 50 50 100 150 -50 Exports 40 40 Imports 20 20 GDP 520 520 Working Note: 1. Transfer payments were not used in the calculation of GDP for both countries. It is because these are excluded from the calculation of GDP (Asian Development Bank, 2007). 2. Secondly, change in inventories is positive for country A, therefore the value is added in the investment while it is decreased in the case of country B, so it is reduced from gross investment amount. It is clear from the above table that both country A and B has GDP of 520 billion dollars. b). Calculation of GDP is useful in deciding that if any of the country is likely to be experiencing an economic recession. It is because the GDP or Gross Domestic Product provides a tool to measure the goods and services monetary value, which are produced by a country during a particular year (Sexton, 2007). It is a significant data point that shows whether a country or economy is growing or contracting. For both countries, it is assessed that the GDP is 520 billion dollars. At the same time, it is also evaluated that household consumption is 150 billion dollars, government purchases are 250 billion dollars, investment is 100 billion dollars, and net exports is 20 billion dollars. These indicate positive value of consumer spending, as well as government and investment spending (International Monetary Fund, 2009). Thus, it can be stated that both countries have not potential to experience an economic recession. In addition, if in future periods, the GDP of both countries and any of the country decreases, it is likely that countries or the country can experience an economic recession. The recession can be found in both these countries due to several reasons such as low output growth, high inflation, increase in oil prices, and the debt crises (Clift, 2009). It is because these factors can reduce the household consumption, government spending, and investment. Moreover, there should faster growth in the current GDP in both countries to avoid the situation of recession. It is because the decrease in the GDP growth presents reduction in the income level as well as savings among the people, which can cause to the situation of recession. It can also be stated that due to the decrease in consumer purchasing power in both these countries or any of the country, the company is likely to face the situation of recession (Boone and Kurtz, 2012). (2). Explanation over the Relationship between Real GDP and Inflation GDP, exchange rate, unemployment, inflation, current account balance, etc. are some major indicators to access the economic conditions of county at micro level. The assessment of relationship between real GDP and inflation is performed in the context of Australia by obtaining data regarding these factors. For accessing these two major economic factors, growth rates are calculated for over the last 36 years. Through the application of below formula, data from 1980 to 2015 is used to calculate growth rates of Australian GDP and inflation rate. (Tucker, 2010) By using above formula, GDP volume and CPI index value is used to calculate GDP and inflation growth rate respectively in the context of Australia. The below table depicts growth rate value for these economic indicators, which are obtained through the application of the given formula: Year Annual GDP Growth Rate Annual CPI Growth Rate 1980 7.0 10.1 1981 4.2 9.5 1982 -0.4 11.4 1983 -0.2 10.0 1984 6.5 4.0 1985 5.1 6.7 1986 1.9 9.1 1987 5.7 8.5 1988 4.5 7.2 1989 4.2 7.5 1990 1.4 7.3 1991 -1.3 3.2 1992 3.0 1.0 1993 4.2 1.8 1994 4.6 2.0 1995 3.5 4.6 1996 3.9 2.6 1997 3.9 0.2 1998 4.9 0.9 1999 4.1 1.5 2000 3.5 4.5 2001 2.5 4.4 2002 4.0 3.0 2003 3.0 2.7 2004 3.9 2.3 2005 3.2 2.7 2006 2.7 3.6 2007 4.6 2.3 2008 2.5 4.4 2009 1.8 1.8 2010 2.4 2.9 2011 2.6 3.3 2012 3.6 1.8 2013 2.0 2.5 2014 2.6 2.5 2015 2.5 1.5 (ABS, 2016) On the basis of above data, below graph is developed and used to identify the relationship between the GDP and inflation growth rates: From the above graph, it can be stated the relationship of GDP and inflation in Australia is quite variant within the period from 1980 to 2015. It is identified from the above graph that in few years, GDP of this country depicts downwards trend, while inflation rate grew strongly over the same time period. Within the year 1982 and 1983, the growth rate of GDP was negative but on the other side, inflation rate grew by 11.35 and 10.04 percent respectively (ABA, 2016). It shows extreme level of negative relationship between the GDP and inflation rate. The government policy of liberalize economic system has influenced this relationship at the greater extent. For boosting production level in this country, government adopted expansionary policy to enhance the money supply and to reduce the unemployment. It made the borrowing cheap that encougred businesses and customers to spend more. Due to increase in consumer spending, demand of goods and services raised that created shortage in supply side. This situation laid to the decrease in the volume of production and increase in the prices. In long run, expansionary monetary policy of government influences the price level in the economy that leads to the situation of high inflation (McTaggart et al., 2012). Due to increase in prices, demand declines that tend businesses to produce less, which causes decrease in employment opportunities and to GDP rate. Hence, monetary of government is Australia has played critical role in influencing the price level in the economy that consequently influences demand and supply. Apart from this, it is also identified from the obtained series of Australian GDP and inflation growth rates that there is positive relationship has occurred between these two indicators within the few years. In 1996, fiscal measures were used by the government. Expansionary fiscal policy of Australian government has played critical role in increasing the GDP and decreasing the inflation growth rates significantly. For stimulating economic growth, government reduced taxes rates for the businesses and individuals. This situation laid to the increase in investment among businesses to produce more and disposable income. In the short run, it caused increase in employment opportunities that boosted the economic growth and declined the rate of inflation (Mankiw, 2014). During 1997 to 1999, GDP rate grew, while inflation rate declined at the significant level. In long run, expansionary fiscal policy caused the increase in price level as it caused upwards shift in the aggregate demand in the economy. Due to the tax cut, disposable income of people raised that caused increase in spending power that pushed the demand on the upward side. Increase in demand played critical role in increasing the level of prices in the economy (Veldkamp, 2011). In the year 2000 and 2001, inflation rate increased significantly in Australian economy than the GDP. This indicates the importance of governments monetary and fiscal policies in influencing the relationship of a nations major economic indicators and to manage the macroeconomic activities in the significant manner. The government and central bank (Reserve Bank of Australia) of Australia has used monetary and fiscal policies as tool to manage the macroeconomic environment and to boost the economic growth over time (RBA, 2016). From the obtained growth rates, it is also identified that the relationship between the growth rate for the inflation and GDP has changed highly frequently. This is observed that after the global financial crisis of 2008, the relationship between inflation and GDP became highly volatile. In few years, inflation rate of this country declined in compare to the GDP, whereas sometime, opposite situation has occurred. This indicates that global financial crisis has reduced the influence of government policies that caused to the volatility in the relationships of GDP and inflation (Economy Watch, 2010). The other major economic event is currency devaluation. The value of Australian dollar has declined significantly due to which, exports increased significantly than the imports. It caused increased in real GDP and demand both. This situation caused demand pull inflation. An increase in export than the import in an economy improves current account balance and reduces balance of payment defic it. The same situation is observed from the obtained data set for the Australian economy. The growth rates of GDP and inflation shows movement in the same direction after the financial crisis (Convict Creations, 2015). Thus, it can be stated on the basis of obtained series for the two major economic indicators that economic events and government policies has great influence on the relationship of two factors. (3). Explanation over the Relationship between Real GDP and Unemployment Real GDP and unemployment are the major macroeconomic indicators of a country. By analyzing relationship of these factors, economic health of a country can be analyzed significantly. For evaluating the relation of these two factors in the context of Australian economy, data regarding real GDP volume and number of jobless person in an economy is obtained to calculate growth rates (Mankiw, 2014). Data is obtained for the 1980 to 2015 as it is effective to understand the relationship trend among the real GDP and unemployment variables of the economy of this country. Growth rates are calculated by using the given formula: The below table depicts growth rates for the Australian real GDP and unemployment, which are calculated through the above formula: Year Annual GDP Growth Rate Annual Unemployment Growth Rate 1980 7.0 1.1 1981 4.2 0.4 1982 -0.4 54.8 1983 -0.2 1.9 1984 6.5 -9.1 1985 5.1 -5.8 1986 1.9 11.0 1987 5.7 -5.4 1988 4.5 -9.2 1989 4.2 -11.1 1990 1.4 39.9 1991 -1.3 28.5 1992 3.0 7.6 1993 4.2 -3.1 1994 4.6 -15.8 1995 3.5 -7.0 1996 3.9 6.9 1997 3.9 -8.4 1998 4.9 -8.5 1999 4.1 -5.1 2000 3.5 -5.4 2001 2.5 11.5 2002 4.0 -8.0 2003 3.0 -7.2 2004 3.9 -8.7 2005 3.2 2.2 2006 2.7 -7.4 2007 4.6 -3.3 2008 2.5 7.6 2009 1.8 22.2 2010 2.4 -9.3 2011 2.6 7.2 2012 3.6 5.9 2013 2.0 8.9 2014 2.6 5.4 2015 2.5 -3.8 (ABS, 2016) On the basis of the data of above table, below line graph is obtained to understand the relationship of these macroeconomic variables more effectively in the Australian context. From the above graph, it can be stated that there is negative relationship exist between GDP and unemployment rates in the context of Australian economy. In the year 1980, government developed liberalizes trade policy that laid to the development of free economy. Due to this, trade activities within this country increased significantly (Igan et al., 2013). In this situation, firms are tended to produce more for satisfying the demand in the economy. It caused increment in the job opportunities. The influence of this policy of Australian government on the relationship between the GDP growth rate and unemployment is clearly depicted in above graph. In the growing phase, aggregate demand raises that causes increase of production level in the economy and consequently job opportunities (Gwartney et al, 2014). The other policy of Australian government was deregulation of banking industry as it also caused decrease in GDP and increase in unemployment after the year 1982. For boosting economic growth, government eased entry of international banks and permitted them to set interest rates. This economic event made the banking industry of Australia highly competitive that caused decline in interest rates. Due to this, availability of cheap finance increased that encouraged businesses to invest and produce more. In short run, high production generated job opportunities that caused increase in demand. In long run, this situation became responsible for causing recession. Higher demand than the supply caused high prices that created cost push inflation in the economy (McEachern, 2013). In the recession phase, trade and demand both declined at considerable level that tended businesses to produce less. For surviving in the recession period, businesses adopted cost reduction activities and job cut is one from them. This caused decline in GDP that has reduced generation of employment opportunities (Tucker, 2010). The government policy of decreasing interest rate caused negative relationship between the GDP and unemployment in long run. In addition to this, privatization policy of the Australian government has also played crucial role in influencing the relationship between GDP and unemployment rates. Privatization in an economy causes competition for the resources that causes generation of several job opportunities. The same situation occurred in Australian economy during 1993 to 2000 due to privatization. In this period, GDP grew slightly, whereas significant decline incurred in unemployment rates (Carlin and Soskice, 2014). In this way, privatization economic event in Australian economy also caused negative relation between the GDP and unemployment variables. Similarly, negative relationship is also determined from the obtained data for the unemployment and GDP rates. After the global economic financial crisis, government of Australia adopted expansionary fiscal policy that also influenced GDP and unemployment level in this country. In this policy, government reduced tax rated for the corporate and individuals. This causes increase in the disposable income that contributes in increasing consumption. It leads to the upward movement in the aggregate demand. Fiscal policy of government in Australia caused increase in the real GDP, which means increase in the production level (Aoki and Yoshikawa, 2011). For producing more, they demanded more workers that caused decline in the unemployment level. It boosted the economic growth and this situation laid to the decline in job losses. In addition to this, expansionary monetary policy also played crucial role in generating negative relationship between GDP and unemployment level of this country. After the recession period of 1991 and 2008, government of Australia has focused in increasing money supply by reducing the interest rate. Monetary policy facilitated reduction in the cost of borrowings that encouraged people to spend more (Commonwealth of Australia, 2016). In this situation, aggregate demand raised that caused increases in GDP and reduction in demand deficient unemployment. Thus, it can be stated that GDP and unemployment has negative relations with the each other. Government policies have contributed in boosting economic growth and reducing unemployment. It created negative relationship between the real GDP and unemployment level of this country. References Aoki, M. and Yoshikawa, H. (2011) Reconstructing macroeconomics: a perspective from statistical physics and combinatorial stochastic processes. UK: Cambridge University Press. Asian Development Bank (2007) Key Indicators 2007, Volume 38. Asian Development Bank. Australian Bureau of Statistics (2016) Statistics. Boone, L. E. and Kurtz, D. L. (2012). Contemporary Marketing, 2013 Update. USA: Cengage Learning. Carlin, W. and Soskice, D. (2014) Macroeconomics: Institutions, instability, and the financial system. USA: Oxford University Press. Clift, J. (2009) Finance Development, June 2009. International Monetary Fund.